BACKGROUNDCompanies are required to pay attention on every safety and health (K3). K3 difilosofikan as a thought and effort to ensure the integrity and perfection of both physical and spiritual labor in particular and people in general, work and culture to the affluent and prosperous society. K3 itself aims to prevent possible accidents and occupational diseases. Occupational safety and health (K3) can not be separated with good manufacturing processes and industrial services.In Article 86 of Law 13 of 2003, stated that any worker or workers have the right to obtain protection of occupational safety and health, morals and decency and treatment in accordance with the dignity and religious values.Health and safety factors to be important because it is closely related to employee performance and in turn the company's performance. Increasing availability of health and safety facilities the less the likelihood of accidents. In Act No. 23 of 1992 on Health, Article 23 concerning occupational health.In the article mentioned that the occupational health efforts must be held in every workplace, in particular workplace hazards that have a major safety and health for workers to work in a healthy manner without endangering yourself and the people around him, to obtain an optimal work productivity, in line with the labor protection program. Protection is a human rights that must be fulfilled by any company, especially companies that have a high risk of occupational safety and health of employees.At koas stase IKM, I observe occupational health and safety (K3) in a production company named CV.AM umbrella (initial, red). This company is a company which was founded in 2005 which is engaged in the assembly of promotional umbrellas. Besides this CV also serve to create a cotton bud, and the manufacture of infant kerodong. Building area of this company is 7700 m2.At present the amount of labor in this CV is as much as 214 workers, where 130 workers at the assembly umbrella, 54 workers in the manufacture of cotton bud, and 30 workers in the manufacturing of baby kerodong.
HEALTHY INDOOR PHYSICAL CONDITIONSOn this CV, factory employees worked for 8 hours in 6 days. If there is a 13-hour overtime. During the work, the employee generally spends most of the time to keep silence in the room to complete the job.Can be concluded, that as our employees spend a large of his life in the workspace. Therefore, health workers could be affected by indoor workplaces.A healthy workspace is the same as a healthy home. According to the APHA (American Public Health Ascociation), home health physical condition is as follows: Temp rooms can be maintained (Lower than the outside temp, lighting requirements of natural or artificial light sufficient (TGT of activity), which Have a perfect ventilation (> 10% ), shielded from the noise (<50 dB.A.).
Room that does not have adequate ventilation will cause health problems, are caused by: decreased O2 levels, CO2 levels are rising, rising humidity, room was smelly, microorganisms multiply. As well, the chances of lung disease transmission to be increased because of poor air circulation.Ventilation effect at room temperature. Room temperature should be such that allows for a lot of body heat loss is not too hot or vice versa; cause a lot of heat loss: chilblains, trench foot, frosbite; Overheating (heat stress) cause: heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke.Ventilation is also an effect on air humidity. Humidity can be calculated with the tool called psychrometer. According to APHA, workplace air humidity is calculated with Temperature Index Wet and Ball (ISBB): Minister of Manpower 51 1999.ISBB calculated using the following formula: Formula ISBB: Outside the room with radiant heat: SBA ISBB = 0.7 + 0.2 + 0.1 SB SK. Inside or outside the room with no heat radiation: ISBB = 0.7 + 0.3 SB SBA. Description of the formula as follows: SB = temperature of the ball, SBA = natural wet temperature, SK = dry temperature. Based on the Decree No: Physical Factors KEP51/Men/1999 about NAB NAB workplace climate that justified ISBB work are as follows:
VENTILATION CONDITIONS IN CV.AMCV.AM is a factory that produces baby kerodong, cotton bud, and umbrellas. Each product in production in different buildings. Building where the production is building a box with an area of 10-20m ² + which only has one door, no windows, closed with a tin roof that there are gaps as wide + 10cm from the wall. The buildings are boxes seem like a warehouse used as a production involving hundreds of employees.The most concern is the building where the production of umbrellas. The building is a composite of several buildings which doubles as a storage warehouse with ventilation <5% and 1 at the entrance to an enclosed truck barriers.Based on the testimony of the chief supervisor, employees are more likely to permit sick leave is the umbrella of the production division. In addition, the CV is, employees who remain in cough and cold are allowed to work despite a cold cough. With the ventilation conditions that are less compliant, then the disease cough, runny nose become more easily transmitted. Environmental conditions such as this certainly needs to be fixed for the health of employees. In addition, employees are also threatened with a variety of other diseases if continuing to work in a room with less ventilation as mentioned above.
CONCLUSIONHealth and Safety (K3) is guaranteed by the government. Therefore, all the companies that utilize human labor required to ensure employees K3. Observation of the CV.AM give an example that there is less room ventilation standards. This will adversely affect the health of workers, especially if employees have to work in that room for 8 hours in a period of more than 1 week. To realize maximum productivity, the ventilation required to meet the standards that employees can work optimally.
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